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DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) is the successor to DomainKeys (DK). It is a feature that helps to prevent spam by verifying the sender of incoming emails and checking for modifications to the original message. It is recommended that everyone begin using DKIM instead of the older DK. Adding DKIM and SPF Records in GoDaddy Modified on: Thu, 10 Oct, 2019 at 2:53 PM Back to home If you are a GoDaddy customer or if someone registered your name at GoDaddy, you can follow these instructions to configure your domain to work with LearnWorlds. DKIM uses a pair of keys, one private and one public, to verify messages. A private domain key adds an encrypted signature header to all outgoing messages sent from your Gmail domain. A matching public key is added to the Domain Name System (DNS) record for your Gmail domain.Email servers that get messages from your domain use the public key to decrypt the. The first step in setting up DKIM for your business is to generate a private/public key pair. Next, the public component of the key needs to be a TXT record assigned to the domain used as the sender address. Then, the private key is utilized to create.
Overview
This article shows you how to add Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) TXT records to your domain. DKIM is a method for fighting spam that works by associating outgoing email with a domain via a digital signature. The sending mail server attaches a 'signature' to an email that has been encoded with a private key. If the receiving mail server is configured to check for DKIM, it will use a corresponding public key (the TXT record) to decode the signature and verify its authenticity. Because DKIM enabled email is less likely to be spam, recipient mail servers are less likely to filter the email. This can improve email deliverability.
This article is only for adding an existing DKIM record that you already have the info for.
Important Note: DKIM is reputation based. Over time, using DKIM can raise the reputation of associated addresses and subsequently improve deliverability. However, addresses that send high volumes of low quality content that is regularly flagged by recipients may still be targeted by spam filters.
READ ME FIRST
This article is provided as a courtesy. Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting custom DNS settings is not supported by Media Temple. Please take a moment to review our Statement of Support.
Requirements
Your domain must be using Media Temple nameservers:
NS1.MEDIATEMPLE.NET
NS2.MEDIATEMPLE.NET
NS2.MEDIATEMPLE.NET
For information on how to confirm this for your domain, see this article: Performing a WHOIS search.
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Instructions
Adding DKIM TXT records to your Media Temple zone file
Grid mail does not support DKIM. In order to use DKIM with a domain hosted on the Grid, your email must be managed elsewhere. If you’d like an additional layer of email verification for your Media Temple hosted email, you may want to check out this article for creating and adding an SPF record:
How can I create an SPF record for my domain?
How can I create an SPF record for my domain?
1. Log into your Account Center and click on the domain that you'd like to add the DKIM TXT records to. Alternatively, hover over the domains tab at the top of the Account Center and click on Show All. Select the relevant domain from the list.
2.Click the Edit DNS Zone File option under the DNS & ZONE FILES menu.
4. Click + Add Row to create a new record. This record will tell the mail server that all email messages associated with this domain use DKIM.
- Subdomain (Name): _domainkey
- Type: TXT
- Data: o=-
5. Click + Add Row to create a new record and add your DKIM key. This is the public key that will be used to decode the email's associated digital signature. Once you've added both records, click on Save Changes. Allow up to 24 hours for propagation, after which time DKIM should be enabled for the domain.
- Subdomain (Name): default._domainkey
- Type: TXT
- Data: Your DKIM key.
Important!
If your DKIM key in the Data field exceeds 255 characters and you do not break it up with quotes, you will receive the following error:
This is likely because your key is 2048 bits instead of 1024.
In order to add a record that exceeds 255 characters, you must break the record up with quotes (') and add both strings to the TXT field.
Sample 2048 bit key that exceeds 255 characters:
v=DKIM1; k=rsa;
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4TWhAkE9cQBB7g2C6jGb
4jdiaShZEtWBkupXFtBdOdJTvrMTAEPIhZske9+bp/ILDYbWG0Tzw7DcmWoTPF+J
bNDH4mN8hSy1pPxyxsmvtFqr5bMlaWl42arkWR3Zzq9A/ReMcEfZ5avwP2JubH72
Bg0SP6NNfrUD9sAWtzOIAt1rT1UygohlB+2EdeHdWFN9neHHDN/hVzL82qufuMZ0
bOAHyn/kuT9hK0HkHc+vHTGIloPlhr6siNfmGwU/Lmv7d7uY/YFpvMvZrl90Fu77
5J7944VNMp6E7tGlJjlt01zDGa5QH1K1funRdrObLxxMgq0Z7RMx5GD5CHMS4tRn
eQIDAQAB
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4TWhAkE9cQBB7g2C6jGb
4jdiaShZEtWBkupXFtBdOdJTvrMTAEPIhZske9+bp/ILDYbWG0Tzw7DcmWoTPF+J
bNDH4mN8hSy1pPxyxsmvtFqr5bMlaWl42arkWR3Zzq9A/ReMcEfZ5avwP2JubH72
Bg0SP6NNfrUD9sAWtzOIAt1rT1UygohlB+2EdeHdWFN9neHHDN/hVzL82qufuMZ0
bOAHyn/kuT9hK0HkHc+vHTGIloPlhr6siNfmGwU/Lmv7d7uY/YFpvMvZrl90Fu77
5J7944VNMp6E7tGlJjlt01zDGa5QH1K1funRdrObLxxMgq0Z7RMx5GD5CHMS4tRn
eQIDAQAB
In order to enter the above key into the TXT field, divide it into multiple strings using quotation marks:
'v=DKIM1; k=rsa;
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4TWhAkE9cQBB7g2C6jGb
4jdiaShZEtWBkupXFtBdOdJTvrMTAEPIhZske9+bp/ILDYbWG0Tzw7DcmWoTPF+J
bNDH4mN8hSy1pPxyxsmvtFqr5bMlaWl42arkWR3Zzq9A/ReMcEfZ5avwP2JubH72'
MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4TWhAkE9cQBB7g2C6jGb
4jdiaShZEtWBkupXFtBdOdJTvrMTAEPIhZske9+bp/ILDYbWG0Tzw7DcmWoTPF+J
bNDH4mN8hSy1pPxyxsmvtFqr5bMlaWl42arkWR3Zzq9A/ReMcEfZ5avwP2JubH72'
'Bg0SP6NNfrUD9sAWtzOIAt1rT1UygohlB+2EdeHdWFN9neHHDN/hVzL82qufuMZ0
bOAHyn/kuT9hK0HkHc+vHTGIloPlhr6siNfmGwU/Lmv7d7uY/YFpvMvZrl90Fu77
5J7944VNMp6E7tGlJjlt01zDGa5QH1K1funRdrObLxxMgq0Z7RMx5GD5CHMS4tRn
eQIDAQAB'
bOAHyn/kuT9hK0HkHc+vHTGIloPlhr6siNfmGwU/Lmv7d7uY/YFpvMvZrl90Fu77
5J7944VNMp6E7tGlJjlt01zDGa5QH1K1funRdrObLxxMgq0Z7RMx5GD5CHMS4tRn
eQIDAQAB'
Now add both strings to the same data field for the TXT record. Be sure to include a space between the strings.
5. Click Save to commit the changes.
Instructions for Plesk
Plesk has a built-in way to toggle DKIM on and off. However, enabling DKIM for outgoing email requires that you get the associated TXT record from Plesk and add it to your Media Temple zone file. All required steps are included in the article.
1. Log into your Plesk admin panel and click on Tools & Settings.
2. Click on Mail Server Settings under Mail
3. Scroll down to the DKIM section and check the boxes to enable.
4. Scroll to the bottom and click on OK. You will then be transported back to the Tools & Settings menu where you'll receive a confirmation that your Mail settings have been updated. This has enabled DKIM for the server.
5. The next step is to enable DKIM for individual domains, which will create the associated TXT records in your Plesk zone file. Click on Websites & Domains to list your domains.
- Alternatively, if you're using Plesk's service provider view, you will click on Domains and then select the relevant domain from the list.
6. Click on Mail Settings for the domain that you'd like to enable DKIM protection on.
7. Scroll down and check the Use DKIM... box and click apply.
8. Enabling DKIM protection for the domain created the required TXT records in the domain's Plesk DNS zone file. In order for DKIM to work properly, these records will have to be added to your Media Temple zone file. Navigate back to the domain's settings and click on DNS Settings.
9. Scroll down until you see a TXT record that begins with 'v=DKIM1;' followed by a long string of characters. This is the DKIM TXT record that needs to be added to your Media Temple zone file. Copy the entire record. If you need help creating this record in your Media Temple zone file, use the instructions at the beginning of the article. Once you've saved the record, allow up to 24 hours for propagation, after which time DKIM should be enabled for the domain.
Instructions for cPanel
As of cPanel & WHM version 62, cPanel provisions SPF and DKIM for new accounts by default. However, the system does not automatically provision these DNS records for existing accounts. You can enable DKIM for all accounts simultaneously via WHM, or for individual domains via cPanel.
It is also very important to note that enabling DKIM for outgoing email requires that you get the associated TXT record from cPanel and add it to your Media Temple zone file. All required steps are included in the article.
Enabling DKIM/SPF Globally
1. Log into WHM and enter DKIM into the search field. Click on Enable DKIM/SPF Globally
2. Click Proceed.
3. In order to complete the process and enable DKIM/SPF to work properly for outgoing messages, you must add the DKIM and SPF records to your Media Temple zone file. To quickly navigate to your zone files, type 'Edit DNS' into the top left search field.
4. Select a domain. You must copy the associated DKIM and SPF record for each of your domains and add them to your Media Temple zone file. Open each of your zone files and scroll down until you see the DKIM and SPF TXT records that WHM created. The DKIM TXT record will begin with 'v=DKIM1;' and the SPF TXT record will begin with 'v=spf1'.
5. The records are domain specific and will have to be added to the proper zone file for each domain. For instructions on how to add these text records, scroll to the top of the article.
Resources
-->Summary: This article describes how you use DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) with Office 365 to ensure that destination email systems trust messages sent outbound from your custom domain.
You should use DKIM in addition to SPF and DMARC to help prevent spoofers from sending messages that look like they are coming from your domain. DKIM lets you add a digital signature to outbound email messages in the message header. It may sound complicated, but it's really not. When you configure DKIM, you authorize your domain to associate, or sign, its name to an email message by using cryptographic authentication. Email systems that receive email from your domain can use this digital signature to help determine if incoming email that they receive is legitimate.
Basically, you use a private key to encrypt the header in your domain's outgoing email. You publish a public key to your domain's DNS records that receiving servers can then use to decode the signature. They use the public key to verify that the messages are really coming from you and not coming from someone spoofing your domain.
Office 365 automatically sets up DKIM for its initial 'onmicrosoft.com' domains. That means you don't need to do anything to set up DKIM for any initial domain names (for example, litware.onmicrosoft.com). For more information about domains, see Domains FAQ.
You can choose to do nothing about DKIM for your custom domain too. If you don't set up DKIM for your custom domain, Office 365 creates a private and public key pair, enables DKIM signing, and then configures the Office 365 default policy for your custom domain. While this is sufficient coverage for most Office 365 customers, you should manually configure DKIM for your custom domain in the following circumstances:
- You have more than one custom domain in Office 365
- You're going to set up DMARC too (recommended)
- You want control over your private key
- You want to customize your CNAME records
- You want to set up DKIM keys for email originating out of a third-party domain, for example, if you use a third-party bulk mailer.
In this article:
How DKIM works better than SPF alone to prevent malicious spoofing in Office 365
SPF adds information to a message envelope but DKIM actually encrypts a signature within the message header. When you forward a message, portions of that message's envelope can be stripped away by the forwarding server. Since the digital signature stays with the email message because it's part of the email header, DKIM works even when a message has been forwarded as shown in the following example.
In this example, if you had only published an SPF TXT record for your domain, the recipient's mail server could have marked your email as spam and generated a false positive result. The addition of DKIM in this scenario reduces false positive spam reporting. Because DKIM relies on public key cryptography to authenticate and not just IP addresses, DKIM is considered a much stronger form of authentication than SPF. We recommend using both SPF and DKIM, as well as DMARC in your deployment.
The nitty gritty: DKIM uses a private key to insert an encrypted signature into the message headers. The signing domain, or outbound domain, is inserted as the value of the d= field in the header. The verifying domain, or recipient's domain, then use the d= field to look up the public key from DNS and authenticate the message. If the message is verified, the DKIM check passes.
Manually upgrade your 1024-bit keys to 2048-bit DKIM encryption keys
Since both 1024 and 2048 bitness are supported for DKIM keys, these directions will tell you how to upgrade your 1024-bit key to 2048. The steps below are for two use-cases, please choose the one that best fits your configuration.
- When you already have DKIM configured, you rotate bitness as follows:
- Connect to Office 365 workloads via PowerShell. (The cmdlet comes from Exchange Online.)
- And then execute the following cmdlet:
Rotate-DkimSigningConfig -KeySize 2048 -Identity {Guid of the existing Signing Config}
- Or for a new implementation of DKIM:
- Connect to Office 365 workloads via PowerShell. (This is an Exchange Online cmdlet.)
- Execute the following cmdlet:
New-DkimSigningConfig -DomainName {Domain for which config is to be created} -KeySize 2048 -Enabled $True
Stay connected to Office 365 to verify the configuration.
- Execute the cmdlet:
Get-DkimSigningConfig | fl
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This new 2048-bit key takes effect on the RotateOnDate, and will send emails with the 1024-bit key in the interim. After four days, you can test again with the 2048-bit key (that is, once the rotation takes effect to the second selector).
If you want to rotate to the second selector, your options are a) let the Office 365 service rotate the selector and upgrade to 2048-bitness within the next 6 months, or b) after 4 days and confirming that 2048-bitness is in use, manually rotate the second selector key by using the appropriate cmdlet listed above.
Steps you need to do to manually set up DKIM in Office 365
To configure DKIM, you will complete these steps:
Publish two CNAME records for your custom domain in DNS
For each domain for which you want to add a DKIM signature in DNS, you need to publish two CNAME records.
Run the following commands to create the selector records:
Create CNAMEs referenced in Get-DkimSigningConfig output
Office 365 performs automatic key rotation using the two records that you establish. If you have provisioned custom domains in addition to the initial domain in Office 365, you must publish two CNAME records for each additional domain. So, if you have two domains, you must publish two additional CNAME records, and so on.
Use the following format for the CNAME records.
Important
If you are one of our GCC High customers, we calculate domainGuid differently! Instead of looking up the MX record for your initialDomain to calculate domainGuid, instead we calculate it directly from the customized domain. For example, if your customized domain is 'contoso.com' your domainGuid becomes 'contoso-com', any periods are replaced with a dash. So, regardless of what MX record your initialDomain points to, you'll always use the above method to calculate the domainGuid to use in your CNAME records.
Where:
- For Office 365, the selectors will always be 'selector1' or 'selector2'.
- domainGUID is the same as the domainGUID in the customized MX record for your custom domain that appears before mail.protection.outlook.com. For example, in the following MX record for the domain contoso.com, the domainGUID is contoso-com:
- initialDomain is the domain that you used when you signed up for Office 365. Initial domains always end in onmicrosoft.com. For information about determining your initial domain, see Domains FAQ.
For example, if you have an initial domain of cohovineyardandwinery.onmicrosoft.com, and two custom domains cohovineyard.com and cohowinery.com, you would need to set up two CNAME records for each additional domain, for a total of four CNAME records.
Note
It's important to create the second record, but only one of the selectors may be available at the time of creation. In essence, the second selector might point to an address that hasn't been created yet. We still recommended that you create the second CNAME record, because your key rotation will be seamless and you won't need to do any manual steps yourself.
Enable DKIM signing for your custom domain in Office 365
Once you have published the CNAME records in DNS, you are ready to enable DKIM signing through Office 365. You can do this either through the Microsoft 365 admin center or by using PowerShell.
How To Verify Dkim Key
To enable DKIM signing for your custom domain through the admin center
- Sign in to Office 365 with your work or school account.
- Select the app launcher icon in the upper-left and choose Admin.
- In the lower-left navigation, expand Admin and choose Exchange.
- Go to Protection > dkim.
- Select the domain for which you want to enable DKIM and then, for Sign messages for this domain with DKIM signatures, choose Enable. Repeat this step for each custom domain.
To enable DKIM signing for your custom domain by using PowerShell
- Connect to Exchange Online PowerShell.
- Run the following command:Where domain is the name of the custom domain that you want to enable DKIM signing for.For example, for the domain contoso.com:
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To Confirm DKIM signing is configured properly for Office 365
Wait a few minutes before you follow these steps to confirm that you have properly configured DKIM. This allows time for the DKIM information about the domain to be spread throughout the network.
- Send a message from an account within your Office 365 DKIM-enabled domain to another email account such as outlook.com or Hotmail.com.
- Do not use an aol.com account for testing purposes. AOL may skip the DKIM check if the SPF check passes. This will nullify your test.
- Open the message and look at the header. Instructions for viewing the header for the message will vary depending on your messaging client. For instructions on viewing message headers in Outlook, see View e-mail message headers.The DKIM-signed message will contain the host name and domain you defined when you published the CNAME entries. The message will look something like this example:
- Look for the Authentication-Results header. While each receiving service uses a slightly different format to stamp the incoming mail, the result should include something like DKIM=pass or DKIM=OK.
To configure DKIM for more than one custom domain in Office 365
If at some point in the future you decide to add another custom domain and you want to enable DKIM for the new domain, you must complete the steps in this article for each domain. Specifically, complete all steps in What you need to do to manually set up DKIM in Office 365.
Disabling the DKIM signing policy for a custom domain in Office 365
Disabling the signing policy does not completely disable DKIM. After a period of time, Office 365 will automatically apply the default Office 365 policy for your domain. For more information, see Default behavior for DKIM and Office 365.
To disable the DKIM signing policy by using Windows PowerShell
- Connect to Exchange Online PowerShell.
- Run one of the following commands for each domain for which you want to disable DKIM signing.For example:OrWhere number is the index of the policy. For example:
Default behavior for DKIM and Office 365
If you do not enable DKIM, Office 365 automatically creates a 1024-bit DKIM public key for your default domain and the associated private key which we store internally in our datacenter. By default, Office 365 uses a default signing configuration for domains that do not have a policy in place. This means that if you do not set up DKIM yourself, Office 365 will use its default policy and keys it creates in order to enable DKIM for your domain.
Also, if you disable DKIM signing after enabling it, after a period of time, Office 365 will automatically apply the Office 365 default policy for your domain.
In the following example, suppose that DKIM for fabrikam.com was enabled by Office 365, not by the administrator of the domain. This means that the required CNAMEs do not exist in DNS. DKIM signatures for email from this domain will look something like this:
In this example, the host name and domain contain the values to which the CNAME would point if DKIM-signing for fabrikam.com had been enabled by the domain administrator. Eventually, every single message sent from Office 365 will be DKIM-signed. If you enable DKIM yourself, the domain will be the same as the domain in the From: address, in this case fabrikam.com. If you don't, it will not align and instead will use your organization's initial domain. For information about determining your initial domain, see Domains FAQ.
Set up DKIM so that a third-party service can send, or spoof, email on behalf of your custom domain
Some bulk email service providers, or software-as-a-service providers, let you set up DKIM keys for email that originates from their service. This requires coordination between yourself and the third-party in order to set up the necessary DNS records. No two organizations do it exactly the same way. Instead, the process depends entirely on the organization.
An example message showing a properly configured DKIM for contoso.com and bulkemailprovider.com might look like this:
In this example, in order to achieve this result:
- Bulk Email Provider gave Contoso a public DKIM key.
- Contoso published the DKIM key to its DNS record.
- When sending email, Bulk Email Provider signs the key with the corresponding private key. By doing so, Bulk Email Provider attached the DKIM signature to the message header.
- Receiving email systems perform a DKIM check by authenticating the DKIM-Signature d=<domain> value against the domain in the From: (5322.From) address of the message. In this example, the values match:sender@contoso.comd=contoso.com
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Next steps: After you set up DKIM for Office 365
Add Dkim To Dns
Although DKIM is designed to help prevent spoofing, DKIM works better with SPF and DMARC. Once you have set up DKIM, if you have not already set up SPF you should do so. For a quick introduction to SPF and to get it configured quickly, see Set up SPF in Office 365 to help prevent spoofing. For a more in-depth understanding of how Office 365 uses SPF, or for troubleshooting or non-standard deployments such as hybrid deployments, start with How Office 365 uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF) to prevent spoofing. Next, see Use DMARC to validate email in Office 365. Anti-spam message headers includes the syntax and header fields used by Office 365 for DKIM checks.